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Civil fee waivers: a necessity for access

April 5, 2023

By Alyssa Nekritz

In a previous Trending Topic, NCSC collected data on state-by-state filing fee schedules to increase transparency about court costs. The costs associated with starting a case, getting copies of certified court documents, records, or jury requests, etc. can deter individuals from pursuing their cases through the courts. Fortunately, states and territories offer a fee waiver process to reduce cost burdens for individuals. Unfortunately, many court users do not know about them.

Courts have been making strides toward increasing access to justice, and highlighting court fee waivers is one way to do that. States operate their court systems differently. Therefore, there is not a unform or national fee waiver form. These documents use a variety of different names including Request to Waive Fees, Pauper’s Affidavit, or Request to Proceed in Forma Pauperis. In forma pauperis is the Latin term for an indigent person. Plain language should be used on these forms to improve understanding of the document. Some fee waivers use poor person or pauper in the title. Certain terms can discourage citizens from filing a fee waiver. To enhance accessibility, courts can make these documents easier to find and complete.

Just as states differ in what they call individuals who cannot afford filing fees and the associated costs, they also differ in the requirements to qualify for a waiver. Some states determine eligibility based on the federal poverty level (Illinois and Vermont). Some are whether the person is receiving state or federal public benefits (California and Washington). Other states leave the matter up to judicial discretion, which may require additional documents or a subsequent hearing to demonstrate need. Georgia, Kentucky, Nebraska , North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, and South Carolina require a notary signature on the waiver. Other states allow regular online or in-person submissions. Court users can always call and ask about other form requirements.

With 22 percent of the U.S. population speaking a language other than English at home, many states have attempted to address language barriers by providing these forms in other languages. For example, Kentucky offers the forms in Arabic, English, French, Kinyarwanda, Spanish, and Swahili. States can upload court forms in multiple languages to improve access to justice. The table below has the links for each state and territory’s civil filing fee waivers, the title of the document, and links to the forms in the languages available.

What is your court doing to improve civil fee waivers? Share them with us. For more information, contact Knowledge@ncsc.org or call 800-616-6164. Follow the National Center for State Courts on Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.

Waiver on State Website

Title of Waiver Form

PDF Copies

Alabama

Affidavit of Substantial Hardship and Order

English

Alaska

Request for Exemption From Payment of Fees

English

Inmate

American Samoa

No information found

 

Arizona

Application for Deferral or Waiver of Court Fees or Costs and Consent to Entry of Judgement

Download Available Through Site

Arkansas

Affidavit of Financial Means

English

California

Request to Waive Court Fees

English

Spanish

Colorado

Request to Waive Fees

English

Connecticut

Application For Waiver of Fees/Payment of Costs - Civil, Housing, Small Claims, and Appellate

English

Portuguese

Polish

Delaware

Application and Affidavit to Proceed in Forma Pauperis

English

District of Columbia

Applications to Proceed without Prepayment of Costs, Fees, or Security

Amharic

English

Spanish

Florida

Application For Determination of Civil Indigent Status

English

Georgia

Pauper's Affidavit

English

Guam

Indigent Defense

English

Hawaii

Request To Proceed In Forma Pauperis

District Variance

(5th District, 3rd District)

Idaho

Motion and Affidavit for Fee Waiver

English

Inmate

Illinois

Application For Waiver of Court Fees

English

Spanish

Indiana

Create a Waiver Account for In Forma Pauperis status

Online Application Process

Iowa

Application and Affidavit to Defer Payment of Costs

Based on Case Type

Kansas

Poverty Affidavit

English

Inmate

Kentucky

Motion for Waiver of Costs and Fees and to Proceed in Forma Pauperis; Affidavit; Financial Statement; and Order

Arabic

English

French

Kinyarwanda

Spanish

Swahili

Louisiana

In Forma Pauperis Affidavit

English

Maine

Application to Proceed Without Payment of Fees

Download Available Through Site

Maryland

Request for Final Waiver of Open Costs

English

French

Spanish

Massachusetts

Affidavit of Indigency

English

Inmate

Michigan

Fee Waiver Request

English

Minnesota

Affidavit for Proceeding in Forma Pauperis

English

Instructions in Hmong, Somali, Spanish)

Mississippi

Motion to Proceed in Forma Pauperis; Pauper’s Affidavit

Download Available Through Site

Missouri

Motion and Affidavit in Support of Request to Proceed as a Poor Person

English

Montana

Fee Waiver Form

English

Nebraska

Affidavit and Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis (Request to Proceed Without Payment of Fees)

English

Multiple Languages Available for Specific Cases

Nevada

Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis

English (Application, Order)

Spanish (Aplicación, Orden)

New Hampshire

District Variation

Based on Case Type

New Jersey

Certification/ Petition/ Application in Support of a Fee Waiver

English

Haitian Creole

Korean

Polish

Portuguese

Spanish

New Mexico

Application for Free Process and Affidavit of Indigency

Download Available Through Site

New York

Affidavit in Support of an Application to Proceed as a Poor Person and to Waive Court Fees

District Variance

English (Sample)

North Carolina

Petition to Proceed As An Indigent

English

Spanish

Tiếng Việt

North Dakota

Petition for Waiver of Filing Fees, Financial Affidavit in Support of Petition for Waiver of Filing Fees

English (Petition, Financial Affidavit, and Order)

Northern Mariana Islands

Waiver of Filing Fee

English (Motion and order, Statement)

Ohio

Affidavit of Indigency; Civil Fee Waiver Affidavit Order

English

Oklahoma

Pauper's Affidavit

English

Oregon

Application for Deferral or Waiver of Fees and Declaration in Support

English

Chinese

Russian

Spanish

Vietnamese

Pennsylvania

Motion to Proceed In Forma Pauperis; in Forma Pauperis Affidavit Petition

English

Bilingual Forms

Puerto Rico

Application and Declaration for Waiver of Fees Due to Indigency

English

Spanish

Rhode Island

Affidavit of Indigency

English (District, Plaintiff)

Portuguese

Spanish

South Carolina

Motion and Affidavit to Proceed In Forma Pauperis

Based on Case Type

South Dakota

Motion to Waive Filing & Service of Process Fee, Financial Affidavit

English (Motion, Financial Affidavit)

Tennessee

Uniform Civil Affidavit of Indigency

English

Texas

Statement of Inability to Afford Payment of Court Costs or an Appeal Bond

English

Spanish

Utah

District Variations

Based on Case Type

Vermont

Application to Waive Filing Fees and Service Costs

English

Virgin Islands

Request to Proceed in Forma Pauperis

English

Virginia

Petition for Proceeding in Civil Case Without Payment of Fees or Costs

English

Washington

Motion and Declaration for Waiver of Civil Fees and Surcharges

English

West Virginia

Financial Affidavit and Application

English

Wisconsin

Petition for Waiver of Fees and Costs - Affidavit of Indigency

English

Spanish

Hmong

Wyoming

Affidavit of Indigency and Request for Waiver of Filing Fees and All Fees Associated Therewith

English